IPC Section 192 - Fabricating false evidence

192. Fabricating false evidence. Whoever causes any circumstance to exist or 1[makes any false

entry in any book or record, or electronic record or makes any document or electronic record containing a

false statement,] intending that such circumstance, false entry or false statement may appear in evidence

in a judicial proceeding, or in a proceeding taken by law before a public se rvant as such, or before an

arbitrator, and that such circumstance, false entry or false statement, so appearing in evidence, may cause

any person who in such proceeding is to form an opinion upon the evidence, to entertain an erroneous

opinion touching any point material to the result of such proceeding is said "to fabricate false evidence".

Illustration s

(a) A puts jewels into a box belonging to Z, with the intention that they may be found in that box, and that this circumstance

may cause Z to be convicted of theft. A has fabricated false evidence.

(b) A makes a false entry in his shop -book for the purpose of using it as corroborative evidence in a Court of Justice. A has

fabricated false evidence.

(c) A, with the intention of causing Z to be convicted of a criminal conspiracy, writes a letter in imitation of Z's handwritin g,

purporting to be addressed to an accomplice in such criminal conspiracy, and puts the letter in a place which he knows that t he

officers of the police are likely to search. A has fabricated false evidence.